Plug-In Solar in North Dakota — Status: unclear
Last Updated: March 2026
Key Information
| Average Electricity Rate | 11.9¢/kWh |
| Estimated Annual Savings | $140/year |
| TOU Rate Spread | 2¢/kWh |
| Peak Sun Hours/Day | 4.7 |
| Retail Choice | none |
What You Can Do
No specific plug-in solar law. Traditional rooftop solar available. MDU Resources offers net metering.
What You Can't Do (Yet)
Utilities require interconnection agreements for grid-tied systems.
Available Rebates & Incentives
Net metering available through MDU Resources and Xcel Energy. No active state solar tax credit or rebate in North Dakota. The federal 30% ITC (Section 25D) expired December 31, 2025.
Incentive Program Links
- DSIRE — North Dakota Solar Incentives — Full list of North Dakota state and utility solar incentive programs.
Demographics (US Census 2023)
| Population | 783,962 |
| Total Households | 317,700 |
| Owner-Occupied | 215,969 |
| Renter-Occupied | 101,731 |
| Single-Family Homes | 206,978 |
| Apartment Units (5+) | 54,776 |
| Median Household Income | $73,959 |
| Median Home Value | $263,200 |
Solar Resource Data (NREL PVWatts)
| Peak Sun Hours/Day | 4.73 |
| Optimal Tilt Angle | 47° |
| Optimal Azimuth | Due South (180°) |
| Est. Annual kWh (800W system) | 1381 kWh |
| Best Solar Months | April–September |
Major Utilities
| Utility | Customers | Net Metering |
|---|---|---|
| Montana-Dakota Utilities | ~144,000 customers (electric, residential, commercial, industrial) | Yes |
| Xcel Energy | ~97,000 customers | Yes |
| Otter Tail Power Company | ~134,200 customers (electric, residential, commercial, industrial) | Yes |