Before You Start: Check Your Space
Before buying a system, assess your space:
- Direction: South-facing is ideal. East or west-facing will generate 15–25% less power. North-facing is not viable.
- Shading: Nearby buildings, trees, or overhangs that shade your panels during peak sun hours (10am–3pm) will significantly reduce output.
- Space: A typical 400W panel is about 2m × 1m. A 600W system needs two panels. Make sure you have room.
- Outlet access: You need a standard 120V outlet within reach of the battery unit's power cable (usually 3–5 meters).
Step 1: Choose Your Mounting Solution
There are several mounting options that don't require permanent modifications:
- Balcony railing mounts: Clamp-on brackets that attach to standard balcony railings. Most systems include these. No drilling required.
- Ground/floor stands: Adjustable stands that sit on the balcony floor. Panels can be angled for optimal sun exposure.
- Window mounts: Suction cup or tension-rod mounts for windows. Less efficient but useful if you have no balcony.
- Flat roof mounts: If you have roof access, weighted ballast mounts require no penetrations.
Step 2: Position the Panels
Optimal panel angle is equal to your latitude. In New York (40°N), angle panels at 40°. In Los Angeles (34°N), angle at 34°. Most balcony railing mounts allow 30–60° adjustment.
If you can only choose one angle, 30–35° works well for most of the US and maximizes summer production when days are longest.
Step 3: Connect the System
Plug-in solar systems are designed to be simple to connect:
- Mount the panels in your chosen location
- Connect the panel cables to the battery unit (usually MC4 connectors — they only fit one way)
- Place the battery unit indoors, near an outlet
- Plug the battery unit's output cable into the wall outlet
- Download the manufacturer's app and follow the setup wizard
The entire installation typically takes 30–60 minutes. No electrician required.
Step 4: Configure TOU Settings
In the app, set up your Time-of-Use schedule:
- Enter your utility's peak hours (usually 4–9pm on weekdays)
- Enter your peak and off-peak rates
- Enable automatic TOU optimization
The system will then automatically charge during off-peak hours and discharge during peak hours, maximizing your savings.
Step 5: Monitor and Optimize
After installation, monitor your system for the first week:
- Check daily generation against your expected output
- Verify the battery is charging and discharging at the right times
- Adjust panel angle if generation is lower than expected
Most systems show real-time generation, battery state, and estimated savings in the companion app. Look for systems with apps that display real-time monitoring, TOU scheduling, and historical savings data.